All About the Electro-Voice RE20 Dynamic Microphone

Ever notice how some microphones are both instantly identifiable and seem to be everywhere you look? Certainly, the Electro-Voice RE20 is one such microphone, renowned for its clear, detailed sound and versatility, and virtually indestructible build quality.

Omnipresent in broadcast and recording studios, as well as on stage, how does it manage to achieve such a reputation? In this article, we'll take a closer look at the history, design and performance of the Electro-Voice RE20 dynamic mic, as well as a number of related microphones from EV. So, sit back and dream of the early 1950s in the small Michigan city of Buchanan, where the Electro-Voice company was founded.

Table of Contents

The History of the Electro-Voice RE20 Microphone
Famous Recordings and Artists Who Use the Electro-Voice RE20
What Makes the Electro-Voice RE20 Microphone Unique?
   How Variable-D Technology Works
   Why Variable-D Matters
   Other Technical Highlights
What Are the Common Uses of the Electro-Voice RE20 Microphone?
Comparing the Electro-Voice RE20 with Other EV Dynamic Mics
The Variable-D Family of Dynamic Microphones
   Electro-Voice RE20
   Electro-Voice RE320
   Electro-Voice RE27N/D
   Electro-Voice ND76
   Electro-Voice ND86
   Electro-Voice ND96
Why the Electro-Voice RE20 is Still a Go-To Microphone

The History of the Electro-Voice RE20 Microphone

The story of the Electro-Voice RE20 begins long before its release in 1968, with the introduction of the EV 664 microphone—fondly nicknamed “The Buchanan Hammer.” This nickname came not just from its robust construction but also from its ability to withstand the rigors of live and broadcast environments, earning a reputation as one of the most durable microphones ever made. The 664 was groundbreaking for its use of Variable-D technology, about which more in a bit. But this technology made for a sea change in dynamic mics and set the stage for the RE series.

Though they had initially made all kinds of microphones, by the late 1950s, Electro-Voice had made the pivotal decision to focus exclusively on dynamic microphones, citing the fragility of ribbon and condenser designs as a limitation in real-world applications. This shift was driven by a mission to create microphones that could endure the demands of both professional and casual use without sacrificing sound quality. Variable-D became a cornerstone of this philosophy, providing consistent tonal clarity regardless of mic distance.

Building on the success of the 664, Electro-Voice engineers, including Lou Burroughs (a cofounder of the company) and Ed Farley, began designing the RE series in the 1960s. The RE15 and RE16 were the first microphones to bring Variable-D to a broader audience, offering unmatched control over proximity effect and gaining popularity in live sound and broadcast settings. These models were praised for their natural sound and versatility, paving the way for the development of the RE20.

Pictured: Electro-Voice RE20 Microphone Capsule

When the RE20 debuted in 1968, it was immediately recognized as a revolutionary tool for broadcasters. Its smooth, flat frequency response and rugged build made it ideal for radio studios, where it delivered consistent vocal clarity and warmth. The RE20’s design also reflected the lessons learned from its predecessors: It retained Variable-D technology while introducing features like an internal pop filter, humbucking coil and bass tilt-down switch, all tailored to meet the needs of broadcasters and studio professionals.

The RE20’s success in broadcast studios soon spilled over into recording studios and live sound environments. Its ability to handle high-SPL sources like kick drums, brass and guitar amps made it a favorite among engineers who needed a microphone capable of capturing powerful performances without distortion. Unlike many other dynamic microphones, the RE20 offers a neutral tonal profile that reproduces sound with minimal coloration, making it equally adept at capturing vocals, instruments and amplifiers. This versatility cemented its place as a studio staple and an essential tool for live sound reinforcement.

Famous Recordings and Artists Who Use the Electro-Voice RE20

The Electro-Voice RE20 has been a staple in both studio recordings and live performances. Here are some notable instances of its use:

• Stevie Wonder’s Talking Book and Innervisions albums (1972–1973): Producer Robert Margouleff selected the RE20 for Wonder’s vocals, achieving a “close, intimate sound.” The microphone’s design allowed Wonder to maintain contact without overdriving the element.

• Lynyrd Skynyrd’s “Sweet Home Alabama” (1973): The RE20 was used to capture the unmoving lower speaker of a Leslie cabinet, contributing to the song’s distinctive sound.

• Joan Jett’s “I Love Rock ’n’ Roll” (1981): Engineer Glen Kolotkin employed the RE20 for Jett’s vocals and guitar amplifiers, noting its excellence for rock music.

• Carlos Santana’s Supernatural (1999): Kolotkin also used the RE20 on electric guitar cabinets and kick drum, praising its performance in rock recordings.

• Wayne Shorter’s saxophone recordings with Weather Report: The RE20 was used to capture Shorter’s saxophone, contributing to the band’s signature sound on such iconic recordings as Black Market, Heavy Weather and 8:30.

• Sound on Sound’s Vocal Microphone Shootout (2010): The RE20 was judged the best for male rapper vocals and scored highly on other vocal types, highlighting its versatility.

What Makes the Electro-Voice RE20 Microphone Unique?

What sets the RE20 apart is its groundbreaking approach to solving a perennial issue with directional microphones: proximity effect. This phenomenon, in which bass frequencies are exaggerated as the source gets closer to the mic, can make vocals and instruments sound muddy or unnatural. Electro-Voice’s Variable-D technology was designed to counteract this effect, offering unmatched tonal consistency no matter how close or far the source is positioned.

How Variable-D Technology Works

At its core, Variable-D is a brilliant intersection of electronic and mechanical engineering. Traditionally, proximity effect was addressed solely through adjustments in the microphone’s electronic circuitry. However, the development team at Electro-Voice took a more holistic approach, designing Variable-D to leverage both the microphone’s internal mechanics and its electronic components. This synergy resulted in a system of side vents along the microphone body, engineered to manage the pressure gradient that contributes to proximity effect.

These precision vents allow sound waves to enter the microphone at different points along its length, reducing the pressure differential that exaggerates low frequencies. In doing so, Variable-D creates a uniform frequency response, regardless of the distance between the mic and the source. This interdisciplinary solution not only demonstrated the importance of looking beyond a single field of expertise but also set a new standard for directional microphone design.

Why Variable-D Matters

The Variable-D design gives the RE20 unmatched versatility. It can handle close-miking vocals and instruments—like kick drums and brass—with ease, producing a natural, full sound without the unnatural bass boom common to many cardioid mics. For recording engineers, this means more time focusing on capturing great performances and less time worrying about mic placement. The collaboration of multiple engineering disciplines in the RE20’s design not only solved a technical challenge, but also redefined what dynamic microphones could achieve.

If you're interested in learning more about microphones, we'd suggest checking out some of our other articles on Riffs like How Dynamic Microphones Work, How Condenser Microphones Work and How Ribbon Microphones Work.

Other Techncial Highlights

• Internal Pop Filter: The RE20’s heavy-duty internal pop filter minimizes plosives, eliminating the need for an external screen. This is especially useful for broadcasters and podcasters who need a clean, natural sound for spoken word recordings.
• Humbucking Coil: Designed to cancel out electromagnetic interference from nearby equipment, the humbucking coil ensures a quiet, interference-free performance even in electrically noisy environments like broadcast studios.
• Bass Tilt-Down Switch: A simple switch on the RE20 provides users with the option to reduce low-end frequencies below 100Hz, helping to control rumble or boominess in the recording environment.​

Pictured: Electro-Voice RE20 Bass Tilt-Down Switch

What Are the Common Uses of the Electro-Voice RE20 Microphone?

One of the reasons for the continuing popularity of the Electro-Voice RE20 is that the list of things it's not good for is far, far shorter than the list of things it is good for. For vocal applications, it's excellent for both male and female voices, both spoken and sung, excelling at the ability to let the vocalist work close or further away from the mic, depending on the desired sound.

For high-SPL sources, like drums, bass and guitar amps or brass sections, the RE20 can handle the volume without distortion, while maintaining clarity and definition of the sound. Its cardioid polar pattern makes it well suited for applications where bleed needs to be minimized, such as in recording studios or live performances.

Over the years, many engineers and producers have come to rely on the RE20 because it combines the best qualities of a large-diaphragm condenser and a ribbon microphone with the ruggedness of a dynamic microphone. It's a testament to Electro-Voice's engineering prowess that the RE20 has remained a staple in the industry for so long.

Comparing the Electro-Voice RE20 with Other EV Dynamic Mics

Electro-Voice makes a number of mics in various form factors, all based on the Variable-D design, and we'd like to take a closer look at the RE20, some of its relatives, and how they compare for general use.

Microphone Model	Capsule	Price*	Polar Pattern	Weight	Sensitivity	Frequency Range
Electro-Voice RE20	Dynamic	$449	Cardioid	26 oz	1.5mV/Pa (-56 dBV)	45Hz–18kHz
Electro-Voice RE320	Dynamic	$290	Cardioid	24 oz	2.2mV/Pa (-53 dBV)	30Hz–18kHz
Electro-Voice RE27N/D	Dynamic	$499	Cardioid	25 oz	3.1mV/Pa (-50 dBV)	45Hz–20kHz
Electro-Voice ND76	Dynamic	$129	Cardioid	11.3 oz	2.4mV/Pa (-52 dBV)	70Hz–17kHz
Electro-Voice ND86	Dynamic	$159	Supercardioid	11.8 oz	2.4mV/Pa (-52 dBV)	70Hz–17kHz
Electro-Voice ND96	Dynamic	$199	Supercardioid	12.4 oz	2.9mV/Pa (-50 dBV)	70Hz–17kHz

Pricing as of January 2025*

The Variable-D Family of Dynamic Microphones

Electro-Voice RE20

Why It's Cool: The RE20 is a broadcast icon, offering smooth, natural sound with a design that ensures consistency in any recording scenario.

Things to Consider:

• Minimizes bass buildup for a balanced sound, even up close
• Heavy-duty internal pop filter eliminates plosives for crisp recordings
• Built to last, but heavier than some portable alternatives

Shop Now: Electro-Voice RE20 Dynamic Cardioid Microphone

Beloved by broadcasters, recording engineers and musicians alike, the RE20 delivers a clean, transparent sound across vocals, instruments and drums. Its Variable-D design sets it apart by maintaining tonal balance regardless of mic distance, while its rugged build ensures reliability in any environment.

Customer reviews: 4.8/5. Customers consistently highlight its durability and natural sound, with one reviewer calling it “a workhorse in every sense of the word.”

Electro-Voice RE320

Why It's Cool: The RE320 delivers the signature RE20 sound at a lower price, making it a fantastic option for podcasters and musicians on a budget.

Things to Consider:

• Dual-voicing switch allows for flexible EQ adjustments
• Slightly more sensitive, capturing quieter sources with ease
• Lighter weight than the RE20, ideal for mobile setups

Shop Now: Electro-Voice RE320 Dynamic Cardioid Broadcast and Instrument Microphone

Perfect for vocalists, kick drums and podcasts, the RE320 shares much of the RE20’s DNA while offering greater affordability and versatility with the loss of the bass tilt-down switch. Its focused tone makes it easy to dial in a professional sound quickly.

Customer reviews: 4.7/5. Reviewers highlight its adaptability and value, with one noting, “The RE320 delivers punchy, professional sound at a price that fits my budget.”

Electro-Voice RE27N/D

Why It's Cool: The RE27N/D is designed for precision, offering extended high-frequency response and detailed clarity for studio professionals.

Things to Consider:

• Exceptional sensitivity captures subtle performance details
• Extended frequency range up to 20kHz enhances versatility
• Premium price, but well worth it for critical recording applications

Shop Now: Electro-Voice RE27N/D Dynamic Cardioid Multipurpose Microphone

The RE27N/D is a natural choice for vocalists and instrumentalists who demand crystal-clear audio and uncompromising performance. Its premium design and nuanced response make it a favorite in high-end studios. The big difference here from the RE20 is expanded frequency range with the neodymium capsule.

Customer reviews: 4.6/5. Users praise its “crisp highs and smooth lows,” making it a top-tier choice for demanding recording environments.

Electro-Voice ND76

Why It's Cool: The ND76 is a workhorse for live vocalists, offering rugged reliability and clear sound reproduction.

Things to Consider:

• Cardioid pattern excels at isolating vocals from ambient noise
• Lightweight and compact for easy handling during live performances
• Frequency range tailored to emphasize vocal clarity

Shop Now: Electro-Voice ND76 Cardioid Vocal Microphone

Engineered for the stage, the ND76 is built to handle the demands of live shows with ease. Its clean, focused sound ensures vocals cut through the mix, making it a go-to for performers on a budget. Not as versatile in applications as the RE20, but, then again, you wouldn’t want to try and use the RE20 as a handheld mic.

Customer reviews: 4.5/5. Customers appreciate its clarity and reliability, with one reviewer noting, “This mic can handle the rigors of live performance with ease.”

Electro-Voice ND86

Why It's Cool: The ND86 is a standout in noisy venues, offering excellent feedback rejection and tailored vocal clarity.

Things to Consider:

• Supercardioid pattern isolates sound better in loud environments
• Compact design makes it easy to position and handle on stage
• Midrange-focused frequency response, ideal for live vocals

Shop Now: Electro-Voice ND86 Dynamic Supercardioid Vocal Microphone

The ND86 shines in challenging venues where feedback is a concern. Its supercardioid design and focused tonal response make it an invaluable tool for vocalists performing in loud settings. Once again, it’s designed to be a handheld vocal mic, rather than a “do-all” mic like the RE20.

Customer reviews: 4.5/5. Users praise its dependable performance, with one stating, “This mic excels in tough venues and always delivers a clear, crisp sound.”

Electro-Voice ND96

Why It's Cool: The ND96 offers high-SPL handling and powerful projection, perfect for rock and metal vocalists who need to cut through dense mixes.

Things to Consider:

• Designed for loud performances with minimal distortion
• Supercardioid pattern focuses on isolating vocals from the mix
• High-frequency tuning enhances vocal projection

Shop Now: Electro-Voice ND96 Dynamic Supercardioid Vocal Microphone

Built for high-energy performances, the ND96 delivers unparalleled clarity and power, making it a favorite for vocalists in loud bands. Its ability to handle extreme sound levels without breaking up ensures a strong vocal presence. Like the ND76 and ND86, it’s designed as a vocal mic, rather than a multi-purpose one like the RE20.

Customer reviews: 4.6/5. Customers frequently mention its ability to project vocals with precision, with one calling it “a rock vocalist’s dream mic—punchy and crystal clear.”

Why the Electro-Voice RE20 is Still a Go-To Microphone

The Electro-Voice RE20 has earned its place as a legendary microphone, bridging the gap between broadcast, recording and live performance with its innovative Variable-D technology and durable design. From its origins in the 1960s to its continued use by top engineers and musicians today, the RE20 and its siblings have proven their versatility and reliability time and time again. Whether you’re a podcaster, a recording engineer or a musician looking for studio-grade sound, there’s an Electro-Voice mic ready to meet your needs.

Pictured: Electro-Voice RE20 Miking Amplifier

Want to hear the difference for yourself? Visit your local Guitar Center store to check out the Electro-Voice RE20 and its related models in person, or call your personal Gear Adviser for expert guidance on which microphone is the perfect fit for your setup. Your next great recording starts here.